Tuberculosis (TBC) has existed in humans for thousands of years. In the Middle Ages there was a major outbreak of this infectious disease in Europe that killed a large number of people.
It caused the skin to look pale, so it was nicknamed the “White Plague.” This is different from the “Black Death,” which also had ravaged Europe.
Both of these plagues were caused by different bacteria. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosus, and it spreads by coughing or speaking such that the bacteria are released into the air.
Tuberculosis (TBC) is still with us. For example, there has been an outbreak in the Kansas City area beginning early last year. There have been 67 reported cases.
Although this represents more cases than is usually expected, it is not a cause for alarm. Today, tuberculosis can be treated with a blend of antibiotics. This treatment rapidly reduces the spread of disease from the infected individual.
Also, TBC mainly infects people with certain health problems. In addition, none of the bacteria have been drug-resistant, so standard treatment is effective.
This outbreak in Kansas is a reminder that TBC is still with us. Unlike the Middle Ages, we can diagnose it, there are preventive methods available, there are tests to diagnose it early, and we have effective treatments.
Patients who develop TBC typically have a chronic cough and often cough up blood and/or mucous. Other symptoms that may occur include chest pain, fever, night sweats, chills, weight loss, and fatigue.
It is helpful to know that the Health Department considers it safe to visit Kansas City.
Peter M. Hartmann, MD
Family Medicine & Psychiatry
